OUGD504: STUDIO BRIEF 1 - Design for Print // Chronologies Print

“I love a ballad in print alive, for then we are sure they are true.” Shakespeare. 

• If it is print then is seen to be true. 
• It is correct, it is factual. 
• Other sources can be altered, for example Chinese whispers, whereas print cannot be altered, it is fact.
• Documentation. Communication. Reproduction.
• It is correct, it is factual. 

Early Print Making

• 200 AD - Woodcut Printing in China.
• 650 AD, buddhist script, religious text. 

Mass Communication

• The first moveable type was in Asia, around 1000 AD.
• Guttenberg Press - innovative technology
• Communities were growing, communication was growing 
• Changing society 
• Religious beliefs and politics forming society, - as they new how to read and write
• Cultural awareness about themselves - trickle down effect

European Output of Printed Books ca. 1450-1800

• Communication changed, the number of printed books went from nothing to 200,000,000 in a century.
• Becoming rules in countries with a formalised religion. 
• In 1500, all of Europe and the Uk could print. 
• Changed the world from a verbal culture to a visual culture
• You had master craftsmen working with hot type, lead presses. Which is where glyphs started, purely through laziness. To simplify the print process, punctuation also formed. 

The Medium is the Message, Marshall McLuhan, 1911-1980

• He predicted the world wide web 30 years before it was conceived
• New technologies like the printing press, he understood how it would change social interaction.
• Individualism, Democracy, Capitalism, Nationalism - pivotal to society, and print really pushed these.

Lino Type

• Revolutionised the print world. 
• Late 1800s, Used within print publication as it could be changed. 
• Keyboards begun to be used, powered by electricity - 
• The New York Press used these presses on an industrial scale.
• When this died, many people were out of jobs. As it was a particular skill people learnt.

Etching

• Ultimately fuelled by religious themes
• Mass Communication
• Print encapsulated everything, 
• Lithography
• Moulin Rouge print, using the traditional methods
• Often reproduced

William Morris

• Time of excess, interacted decorative designs used. Almost Asian influenced, using some bright colours, with over the top design. 
• It was about making it look super fantastic, 

Propoganda, 1870

• Colours coming through quite differently, almost like it had been painted,
• Advertising which was cheap and put everywhere, 
• Modernism
• Clear image, clean crisp colours, solid imagery
• If it’s print then it’s true
• It’s correct, it’s factual 
• Depicting war as a ‘hip’ event, whereas in reality, it wasn’t. 
• Nazi Nationalism, using print to mass communication the message

The Daily Star

• Why print is dangerous
• They planned to stand up and fight for ‘british war heroes’ 

Andre The Giant

• Turned into the OBEY image, using an image of Andre to base off, which turned into a brand
• Connected to the youth, and then created the HOPE Obama image
• Amber has the hots for Hulk Hogan.